{"id":2799,"date":"2014-04-21T01:55:00","date_gmt":"2014-04-21T01:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lospoliticosveracruz.com.mx\/?p=2799"},"modified":"2014-10-10T03:00:38","modified_gmt":"2014-10-10T03:00:38","slug":"marginados-pobres-y-migrantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lospoliticosveracruz.com\/?p=2799","title":{"rendered":"Marginados, pobres y migrantes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Luis Alberto Romero<\/b>
Hora Cero<\/i><\/p>\n

Durante al menos dos d\u00e9cadas, el fen\u00f3meno de la migraci\u00f3n ha dejado a cientos de comunidades rurales veracruzanas abandonadas y con familias desintegradas. Hay poblaciones en las que s\u00f3lo viven ancianos, mujeres y ni\u00f1os, porque los hombres, desde los 13 o 14 a\u00f1os, salen para buscar el empleo que aqu\u00ed se les ha negado.
Un caso que podr\u00edamos usar como ejemplo de la realidad del sector rural de Veracruz es Atzalan, municipio ubicado en la zona monta\u00f1osa, muy cerca de Altotonga y Perote.<\/a>
Se trata de un lugar muy pobre y marginado; tiene cerca de 50 mil habitantes, de los cuales 18 mil, casi el 37 por ciento, viven en pobreza extrema. Encontramos aqu\u00ed 18 comunidades en muy alta marginaci\u00f3n. Por otro lado, 152 de las 197 localidades, el 77 por ciento, son ubicadas en la casilla de alta marginaci\u00f3n.
Es un municipio pobre y marginado, a pesar de la riqueza que generan los c\u00edtricos y el caf\u00e9 en las zonas baja y media.
Sin embargo, en la parte alta, los habitantes de comunidades como Tepeycan, Aguilera, Xontaxpan, Cerro de Barreras, Cruz Gorda, Ca\u00f1ada de Castilla, Tepetzintla y Loma Alta viven una realidad que lo mismo incluye falta de empleo que problemas para la manutenci\u00f3n familiar.
Debido a ello, cada semana, dos autobuses salen de las comunidades de la zona alta de Atzalan con destino a la frontera norte. Por eso, en este municipio es dif\u00edcil encontrar a una familia que no est\u00e9 relacionada con el fen\u00f3meno de la migraci\u00f3n; tambi\u00e9n es complicado encontrar a una familia que no est\u00e9 ligada al tema de la pobreza.
Aqu\u00ed, quienes se dedican al traslado de personas a los Estados Unidos, los famosos polleros, son personajes conocidos por todos y por algunos, incluso, apreciados. Hace cinco a\u00f1os, en 2009, Aureo Ferra Hern\u00e1ndez, quien se dedic\u00f3 por mucho tiempo a esta actividad, conoc\u00eda tan bien su negocio y su territorio, que se perfilaba como posible candidato del PRI a la presidencia municipal; ya hab\u00eda ocupado la direcci\u00f3n de desarrollo social en el ayuntamiento y probablemente hubiera llegado a la alcald\u00eda de no ser porque en septiembre de ese a\u00f1o, una bala lo priv\u00f3 de la vida cuando se encontraba en la comunidad de Napoala.
Pues bien, Atzalan es uno de los muchos municipios mexicanos donde el desempleo, la pobreza y los altos niveles de marginaci\u00f3n han disparado el fen\u00f3meno migratorio por a\u00f1os.
El cambio en la tendencia radica en que hasta hace una d\u00e9cada, la migraci\u00f3n era un tema casi exclusivo de las zonas rurales o ind\u00edgenas y de peque\u00f1os asentamientos; hoy, las ciudades veracruzanas tambi\u00e9n expulsan mano de obra a los Estados Unidos; de hecho, Veracruz es la sexta entidad del pa\u00eds en cuanto al n\u00famero de migrantes. Se estima que m\u00e1s de 600 mil veracruzanos trabajan en la Uni\u00f3n Americana.
Habr\u00eda que agregar que las remesas; es decir, los recursos que genera la mano de obra veracruzana en los Estados Unidos, han contribuido a mejorar el nivel de vida en las diferentes zonas expulsoras de migrantes, donde las oportunidades de empleo son pr\u00e1cticamente inexistentes. @luisromero85, http:\/\/luisromero85.blogspot.mx\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Luis Alberto RomeroHora Cero Durante al menos dos d\u00e9cadas, el fen\u00f3meno de la migraci\u00f3n ha dejado a cientos de comunidades rurales veracruzanas abandonadas y con familias desintegradas. Hay poblaciones en las que s\u00f3lo viven ancianos, mujeres y ni\u00f1os, porque los hombres, desde los 13 o 14 a\u00f1os, salen para buscar el empleo que aqu\u00ed se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2799","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-sin-categoria"},"yoast_head":"\nMarginados, pobres y migrantes - Los pol\u00edticos Veracruz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lospoliticosveracruz.com\/?p=2799\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Marginados, pobres y migrantes - Los pol\u00edticos Veracruz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Luis Alberto RomeroHora Cero Durante al menos dos d\u00e9cadas, el fen\u00f3meno de la migraci\u00f3n ha dejado a cientos de comunidades rurales veracruzanas abandonadas y con familias desintegradas. 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