{"id":3611,"date":"2013-09-30T12:45:00","date_gmt":"2013-09-30T12:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lospoliticosveracruz.com.mx\/?p=3611"},"modified":"2014-10-10T03:01:35","modified_gmt":"2014-10-10T03:01:35","slug":"bioenergeticos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lospoliticosveracruz.com\/?p=3611","title":{"rendered":"Bioenerg\u00e9ticos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Luis Alberto Romero<\/b>
Hora Cero<\/i><\/p>\n

Dos a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de que en el \u00e1mbito federal se legislara en materia de bioenerg\u00e9ticos, en abril de 2010 se crea, mediante decreto publicado en la Gaceta Oficial del Estado, el Inverbio, que tiene como funci\u00f3n organizar y coordinar la investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo tecnol\u00f3gico para la producci\u00f3n de bioenerg\u00e9ticos en la entidad. Su titular, desde ese momento y hasta la fecha es Osiel Castro de la Rosa.
Hace tres a\u00f1os, Veracruz se ubic\u00f3 entre los estados pioneros en la materia y comenzaron los trabajos para destinar tierras que hasta esos d\u00edas se encontraban ociosas, a los cultivos que pueden producir bioenerg\u00e9ticos, como la ca\u00f1a de az\u00facar, el sorgo dulce y la palma de aceite.
Se trata de combustibles de origen biol\u00f3gico, obtenido de manera renovable a partir de la Biomasa, que procede de esos y otros cultivos, a diferencia de los combustibles f\u00f3siles.
Hay que recordar que el 90 por ciento de la energ\u00eda consumida en el mundo proviene de fuentes no renovables, b\u00e1sicamente el petr\u00f3leo.<\/a>
Solo para ilustrar el atraso que prevalece en nuestro pa\u00eds en materia de bioenerg\u00e9ticos, hablaremos del caso espec\u00edfico de Brasil, donde m\u00e1s del 38 por ciento de la energ\u00eda que se consume es de fuentes renovables, fundamentalmente el etanol que se produce a partir de la ca\u00f1a de az\u00facar. En nuestro pa\u00eds, el porcentaje de la energ\u00eda que se obtiene a partir de fuentes renovables apenas alcanza el 9.5 por ciento, aunque la mayor parte de este porcentaje se logra con la producci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda hidr\u00e1ulica, solar y e\u00f3lica.
El tema de los bioenerg\u00e9ticos adquiere una mayor relevancia ahora, cuando nuestro pa\u00eds enfrenta una aguda crisis en el sector ca\u00f1ero y la industria azucarera; se trata de un problema que afecta directamente a 180 mil agricultores de 15 estados del pa\u00eds, que exigen subsidios gubernamentales ante la sobreproducci\u00f3n de az\u00facar que ha desplomado los precios en el mercado nacional.
De igual manera, otros factores que contribuyeron al problema en el sector ca\u00f1ero tienen que ver con la importaci\u00f3n excesiva de az\u00facar en el \u00faltimo tramo del sexenio del expresidente Felipe Calder\u00f3n y, tambi\u00e9n, a que la industria refresquera dejo de consumir az\u00facar para utilizar mayormente alta fructuosa como edulcorante.
Habr\u00eda que destacar aqu\u00ed que el problema ca\u00f1ero nacional es una oportunidad para que Veracruz ponga el ejemplo en cuanto a pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas orientadas al futuro de los combustibles, coment\u00f3 el titular del Inverbio, quien resalt\u00f3 la importancia de impulsar la industria del etanol en Veracruz.
Retomamos una vez m\u00e1s el modelo brasile\u00f1o: en ese pa\u00eds, las plantas alcoholeras y productoras de etanol, as\u00ed como los ingenios azucareros funcionan en las mismas zonas de abasto y la industria se maneja en funci\u00f3n de los requerimientos del mercado internacional; as\u00ed, cuando el precio del az\u00facar se encuentra a la baja, la industria brasile\u00f1a se enfoca a la producci\u00f3n de biocombustibles y viceversa.
Pero \u00bfc\u00f3mo estamos en Veracruz?. Aqu\u00ed, dos plantas ya producen etanol: una, la de Atoyac, que cuenta con una zona de abasto de 6 mil hect\u00e1reas, pero que requiere de 15 mil para funcionar a toda su capacidad; y otra en la zona de Cosamaloapan\/Tuxtepec, que tiene 7 mil hect\u00e1reas y que, al igual que la de Atoyac, requiere de 15 mil.
El trabajo m\u00e1s importante y la mayor inversi\u00f3n radica en asegurar la zona de abasto para atraer a los inversionistas; es decir, convencer a los agricultores para que destinen sus tierras a estos cultivos.
Veracruz produce actualmente 100 millones de litros de etanol cada a\u00f1o, que se destina a la industria petroqu\u00edmica y se exporta a los Estados Unidos.
Sin embargo, se dise\u00f1a un programa piloto para impulsar el consumo en la entidad: el programa consiste b\u00e1sicamente en que 6 mil taxis de la zona conurbada Veracruz-Boca del R\u00edo utilicen como combustible una mezcla de etanol y gasolina al 50 por ciento, con lo que se reducir\u00edan las emisiones de mon\u00f3xido y di\u00f3xido de carbono.
Adicionalmente, los taxistas tendr\u00edan un ahorro de m\u00e1s de un peso por litro, que sumados podr\u00edan alcanzar mil 200 pesos cada mes por veh\u00edculo; entre los seis mil taxis, el ahorro ser\u00eda de m\u00e1s de 7 millones de pesos al mes y m\u00e1s de 86 millones de pesos al a\u00f1o.
Por si fuera poco, el fomento al uso de etanol provocar\u00eda un importante ahorro a la federaci\u00f3n, que vender\u00eda menos gasolina subsidiada.
Esperemos que programas como el mencionado se concreten; se logren extender a m\u00e1s ciudades y se generalicen para autos particulares, sobre todo en un pa\u00eds que se encuentra rezagado en materia de bioenerg\u00e9ticos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Luis Alberto RomeroHora Cero Dos a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de que en el \u00e1mbito federal se legislara en materia de bioenerg\u00e9ticos, en abril de 2010 se crea, mediante decreto publicado en la Gaceta Oficial del Estado, el Inverbio, que tiene como funci\u00f3n organizar y coordinar la investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo tecnol\u00f3gico para la producci\u00f3n de bioenerg\u00e9ticos en la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3611","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-sin-categoria"},"yoast_head":"\nBioenerg\u00e9ticos - Los pol\u00edticos Veracruz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lospoliticosveracruz.com\/?p=3611\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bioenerg\u00e9ticos - 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