{"id":7219,"date":"2010-09-21T01:03:00","date_gmt":"2010-09-21T01:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lospoliticosveracruz.com.mx\/?p=7219"},"modified":"2014-10-09T03:42:47","modified_gmt":"2014-10-09T03:42:47","slug":"el-principe-de-maquiavelo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lospoliticosveracruz.com\/?p=7219","title":{"rendered":"\u201cEl Pr\u00edncipe\u201d de Maquiavelo"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ra\u00fal Abraham L\u00f3pez Mart\u00ednez*<\/strong><br \/><em>Coyuntura Pol\u00edtica XXI<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Nic\u00f3las Maquiavelo (1469-1527) expres\u00f3 en su tratado \u201cEl Pr\u00edncipe\u201d publicado en 1513, la necesidad de crear un Estado Nacional que pudiera unir, bajo el mando de un pr\u00edncipe, a aquella Italia decadente de su tiempo, despedazada en peque\u00f1os estados feudales dominados por fuerzas externas, Espa\u00f1a y Francia. Esta unificaci\u00f3n s\u00f3lo ser\u00e1 posible mediante la acci\u00f3n de una figura excepcional, un pr\u00edncipe con extraordinarias cualidades que fuera capaz de construir una monarqu\u00eda absoluta mediante una pol\u00edtica fundada en la raz\u00f3n de Estado. Para desarrollar su propuesta Maquiavelo se inspiro  en dos personajes de su \u00e9poca, Fernando el Cat\u00f3lico, quien de ser un rey d\u00e9bil se convirti\u00f3 en el primer rey de la Cristiandad y en C\u00e9sar Borgia, quien habiendo conquistado un enorme poder en muy pocos a\u00f1os, se convirti\u00f3 para Maquiavelo en la imagen m\u00e1s cercana del estadista que pod\u00eda redimir a Italia de la humillaci\u00f3n.<br \/>Partiendo de una posici\u00f3n realista, Maquiavelo realiza una consideraci\u00f3n pesimista del hombre ya que para \u00e9l, la vida social est\u00e1 regida por las pasiones del poder, por el af\u00e1n de dominio y de riqueza, por la b\u00fasqueda de utilidad en provecho propio. Polarizando las relaciones sociales entre los que tienen y los que no tienen.<br \/>Para Maquiavelo, la clave para lograr la unidad de Italia, es la sumisi\u00f3n a la todopoderosa \u201craz\u00f3n de Estado\u201d, raz\u00f3n de Estado que permite dar pauta al criterio de que el fin justifica los medios.<br \/>Es el Estado quien tiene que ejercer el poder de manera racional, para regular la vida social, con una l\u00f3gica y moral distinta a la vida privada.<br \/>Propone que el Estado organice la violencia no mediante tropas mercenarias, sino a trav\u00e9s de milicias controladas por el Estado, reclutando a los soldados entre los campesinos.<br \/>Es en la creaci\u00f3n del ej\u00e9rcito conformado por los campesinos, en donde Maquiavelo va acercar el campo a la ciudad para ir rompiendo con los elementos feudales que impiden el desarrollo de una concepci\u00f3n de naci\u00f3n.<br \/>Usando la creaci\u00f3n del ej\u00e9rcito para un doble efecto, romper con las relaciones feudales e ir conformando una identidad nacional.<br \/>El tratado del Pr\u00edncipe, se puede leer como una serie de recomendaciones sobre el poder para conseguirlo, conservarlo y acrecentarlo, recomendaciones sobre el poder que bien se pueden definir como t\u00e9cnica de poder.<br \/>A diferencia del poder teocr\u00e1tico que predomin\u00f3 en la edad media, el poder de Maquiavelo es absolutamente terrenal, el poder se justifica por s\u00ed mismo resultado del Estado absoluto.  <br \/>Maquiavelo para unir a Italia, considera que la iglesia se debe de someter el poder del Estado.<br \/>Con esa consideraci\u00f3n Maquiavelo rompe con la tradici\u00f3n medieval teocr\u00e1tica, asignando una nueva misi\u00f3n a los individuos y a las naciones. La antigua teocracia es sustituida por la patria, el nuevo eje de cohesi\u00f3n de los individuos, fuera de la naci\u00f3n los individuos son nada.<br \/>El pr\u00edncipe, es el responsable que impulsa en nuevo Estado, reuniendo una seria de cualidades para el ejercicio de su tarea. El pr\u00edncipe debe de ser astuto, debe de saber persuadir a su pueblo o al enemigo,  usar la violencia cuando sea necesario, es decir de manera racional.<br \/>En s\u00edntesis, el Pr\u00edncipe necesita de un Estado, que obligue a todos a aceptar y reconocer su poder, ning\u00fan poder puede existir por encima del Estado, el Estado es la expresi\u00f3n m\u00e1xima de poder que necesita el pr\u00edncipe para lograr sus fines. <br \/>Entre el pr\u00edncipe y el Estado, se genera una relaci\u00f3n de poder, que es necesaria para lograr la unidad de la Italia.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>*Director de la Revista Digital Independiente Voz Universitaria www.vozuniversitaria.org.mx facebook.com\/raul.lopezmartinez  raul@vozuniversitaria.org.mx<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ra\u00fal Abraham L\u00f3pez Mart\u00ednez*Coyuntura Pol\u00edtica XXI Nic\u00f3las Maquiavelo (1469-1527) expres\u00f3 en su tratado \u201cEl Pr\u00edncipe\u201d publicado en 1513, la necesidad de crear un Estado Nacional que pudiera unir, bajo el mando de un pr\u00edncipe, a aquella Italia decadente de su tiempo, despedazada en peque\u00f1os estados feudales dominados por fuerzas externas, Espa\u00f1a y Francia. Esta unificaci\u00f3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7219","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-sin-categoria"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u201cEl Pr\u00edncipe\u201d de Maquiavelo - Los pol\u00edticos Veracruz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lospoliticosveracruz.com\/?p=7219\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cEl Pr\u00edncipe\u201d de Maquiavelo - Los pol\u00edticos Veracruz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ra\u00fal Abraham L\u00f3pez Mart\u00ednez*Coyuntura Pol\u00edtica XXI Nic\u00f3las Maquiavelo (1469-1527) expres\u00f3 en su tratado \u201cEl Pr\u00edncipe\u201d publicado en 1513, la necesidad de crear un Estado Nacional que pudiera unir, bajo el mando de un pr\u00edncipe, a aquella Italia decadente de su tiempo, despedazada en peque\u00f1os estados feudales dominados por fuerzas externas, Espa\u00f1a y Francia. 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